Scientific Objectives and Payloads Configuration of the Tianwen-2 Mission

In this paper, scientific objectives and payloads configuration of international asteroid exploration missions in the past three decades were reviewed. On the basis of summarizing the main scientific questions of asteroid exploration, the selection of detection objects, scientific objectives and payloads configuration of China’s asteroid exploration project, which named Tianwen-2 mission were discussed. Focusing on the realization of scientific objectives, corresponding scientific research contents and payload technical specifications were proposed.