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针对空间碎片捕获的绕飞轨道设计
刘欢, 张永
中国空间技术研究院载人航天总体部, 北京 100094
摘要:
地球轨道上日益增长的碎片云已引起各个航天国家的担忧,地球轨道上可编目的空间物体数量30多年内增长了2倍多,若不实施主动清除,碎片的数量将在未来200年内快速增长,给空间系统的安全带来极大的威胁。自然椭圆绕飞轨道可在目标附近长时间绕飞,可保证碎片捕获系统具有长时间的观测、捕获时间。文章提出通过设计绕飞轨道来实现捕获碎片的方案,介绍并分别推导了基于C-W方程和轨道根数两种方式绕飞轨道设计的方法。针对假想的捕获目标,基于轨道根数方法设计了5种脉冲变轨的轨道方案,并进行了相应的轨道算例仿真。仿真结果表明:该方案可适用于任意的初始相位差,具备一定的工程实现意义。
关键词:  碎片  近距离  捕获  绕飞
DOI:10.15982/j.issn.2095-7777.2015.04.013
分类号:
基金项目:
Design of Fly-Around Orbit for Space Debris Capturing
LIU Huan, ZHANG Yong
Beijing Institute of Manned Space System Engineering, China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing 100094, China
Abstract:
The growing debris cloud in orbit has caused concern in many countries,the number of space objects which are cataloged has increased by more than 2 times with in 30 years.If they are not cleared actively, the number will grow rapidly in the next 200 years and cause great threat. Uncontrolled fly-around orbit can stay near the target for a long time, provide long time to observe and capture debris. This paper proposed a plan of fly-around orbit,inferred two methods based on C-W equation and orbital elements, and designed an orbit planusing 5 orbit maneuvers aimed at hypothetical target, which fits for any initial position, and has practical value for engineering.
Key words:  space debris  close range  capture  fly-around