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面向编队飞行的天文多普勒差分/脉冲星组合导航
喻子原1, 刘劲1, 宁晓琳2, 马辛2, 桂明臻2, 康志伟3
1.武汉科技大学 信息科学与工程学院 武汉 430081;2.北京航空航天大学 仪器科学与光电工程学院 北京 100191;3.湖南大学 信息科学与工程学院 长沙 410082
摘要:
太阳光较强，太阳多普勒差分导航测量精度高，但难以提供多方位速度信息。恒星星光弱，恒星多普勒差分导航测量精度低，但可提供多方位速度信息。为了提高航天器的天文自主导航能力，提出一种面向编队飞行的天文多普勒差分/脉冲星组合导航方法。利用3颗及以上的脉冲星导航是完全可观测的，但滤波周期较长，难以获得连续的导航信息。3种导航方法具有互补性，可以进行组合导航。利用扩展卡尔曼滤波器作为导航滤波器来融合天文多普勒差分和脉冲到达时间，并为编队飞行提供绝对和相对导航信息。仿真结果表明，该组合导航方法能为编队飞行提供高精度的绝对和相对导航信息。
关键词:  编队飞行  天文多普勒差分导航  卡尔曼滤波器  脉冲星
DOI：10.15982/j.issn.2095-7777.2018.3.002
分类号:V249.32
基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目（61501336，61772187，61873196）
Celestial Doppler Difference/Pulsar for Formation Flying and Its Integrated Navigation
YU Ziyuan1, LIU Jin1, NING Xiaolin2, MA Xin2, GUI Mingzhen2, KANG Zhiwei3
1.College of Information Science and Technology, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China;2.School of Instrumentation Science & Opto-Electronics Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China;3.College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
Abstract:
In order to improve the spacecraft capability of autonomous celestial navigation,a celestial Doppler difference/pulsar for formation flying and its integrated navigation method is proposed. The Sun light is strong,and the accuracy of the Sun Doppler difference navigation is high,but it is difficult to provide multi-directional velocity information. Star light is weak,and the accuracy of star Doppler difference navigation is low,but it can provide multi-directional velocity information. The Sun Doppler difference navigation and the star Doppler difference navigation are complementary,but which cannot be fully observable. Using three or more pulsar navigation is completely observable,but the filtering period is longer,and it is difficult to obtain continuous navigation information. The three navigation methods are complementary and can be used for integrated navigation. The extended Kalman filter is used as a navigation filter to fuse the difference and arrival time of the astronomical Doppler,and can provide absolute and relative navigation information for formation flying. Simulation results show that the integrated navigation method for formation flight can provide absolute and relative highly-accurate navigation information.
Key words:  formation flight  celestial Doppler difference navigation  Kalman filter  pulsar