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火星“祝融号”着陆区横向风成脊的分布及形态研究

Study on Distribution and Morphology of Transverse Aeolian Ridges in the Landing Area of Zhurong Rover

  • 摘要: 针对火星“祝融号”着陆区横向风成脊的研究主要集中于平坦区域,而忽视了复杂地貌类型对其空间分布和几何形态影响的问题,利用“天问一号”轨道器获取的高分辨率数据,在“祝融号”着陆区周围的层状溅射物撞击坑(Crater Ejecta)、二次撞击坑(Secondary Craters)、沟槽(Trough)、叶状边缘(Lobate Margin)、凹锥(Pitted Cone)、平地(Plain)和方山(Mesa)地貌处展开横向风成脊测绘调查,分析了横向风成脊的分布和形态与地貌之间的关系,研究了高度和坡度两种地形因素对横向风成脊分布和形态的影响。研究表明:不同类型的地貌对横向风成脊的空间分布和形态尺寸有显著的影响,复杂的地貌下,横向风成脊的分布和形态呈现多样性,尺寸相差较大但在长宽比方面却无显著差异;在–4 300 ~–3 900 m高程范围内,横向风成脊的数量整体呈上升趋势,其平均长度和平均宽度与高程呈极强的负相关性。研究区以极缓坡和缓坡为主,横向风成脊平均长度和平均宽度与坡度呈中等负相关性。本研究为横向风成脊的形成和发育提供数据支撑,也可为后期研究火星表面古风场及其开始发育的古环境提供研究基础。

     

    Abstract: At present, the research on transverse aeolian ridges in the ''Zhurong'' landing area on Mars mainly focuses on flat areas, while ignoring the impact of complex landform types on their spatial distribution and geometric morphology of these ridges. To solve this problem, this paper used high-resolution data obtained by the Tianwen-1 orbiter to conduct a survey of transverse aeolian ridges in the Crater Ejecta, Secondary Craters, Trough, Lobate Margin, pitted Cone, Plain, and Mesa around the landing area of the "Zhurong", analyzed the relationship between the distribution and morphology of transverse aeolian ridges and landforms, and studied the influence of two topographic factors, elevation and slope, on the distribution and morphology of transverse aeolian ridges. The results show that different landform types have a significant impact on the spatial distribution and morphological size of transverse aeolian ridges. Under the complex topography, the distribution and morphology of transverse aeolian ridges are diverse, with large sizes and no significant differences in aspect ratios; in the range of –4 300 m to –3 900 m in elevation, the number of transverse aeolian ridges is on an upward trend, and their average length and average width are strongly negatively correlated with the elevation. The study area is dominated by extremely gentle slopes and gentle slopes, and the average length and average width of transverse aeolian ridges are moderately negatively correlated with the slope. This study provides data support for the formation and development of transverse aeolian ridges, and also provides a research basis for future studies on the types of wind conditions on the Martian surface and the paleo-environment in which they began to develop.

     

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