Abstract: This paper, founded on the synthesis of recent exploration achievements and prior research, supplemented by on-site investigations of diverse terrestrial lava tubes, delves into the value and challenges associated with lunar lava tube exploration and development. Employing lunar remote sensing data and focusing on lunar lava tubes in areas such as Mare Fecunditatis and Mare Tranquillitatis, the paper formulates a collaborative exploration blueprint comprising lunar landing platforms, rovers, and autonomous robots. Furthermore, in line with the objective of utilizing natural cavities within lava tubes for potential lunar base construction, the paper scrutinizes the prerequisites and complications linked to lava tube modification and construction. It presents conceptual solutions, encompassing cave interior floor construction, communication and power infrastructure deployment, as well as residential facility establishment, providing a fundamental reference for the construction of future lunar bases.