Abstract: Based on the Space Debris Experiment Telescope of the National Astronomical Observatories of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, together with the Yangwang-1 and Jilin-1 satellites, a space-based and ground-based collaborative monitoring experiment for near-Earth asteroids was designed and carried out. By using image processing and orbit determination methods, target detection and astronomical positioning of observation images were realized, and the orbit of near-Earth asteroids was precisely determined.Based on the analysis, the existing equipment can realize space-ground collaborative monitoring and orbit cataloging of near-Earth asteroids, and provide orbital data support for the study and estimating of impact risk of near-Earth asteroids.