近地小行星天地基协同监测和轨道确定试验

Experiments on Space-Ground Cooperative Monitoring and Precise Orbit Determination of Near-Earth Asteroids

摘要: 基于中国科学院国家天文台空间碎片试验望远镜，联合“仰望一号”“吉林一号”卫星，设计并开展了近地小行星天地基协同监测试验，利用图像处理和定轨方法，实现了天地基观测图像的目标检测和天文定位，完成了近地小行星轨道的精确确定。经分析，基于现有的天地基设备可实现对近地小行星的协同监测和轨道编目，为研判近地小行星撞击风险提供轨道数据支持。

Abstract: Based on the Space Debris Experiment Telescope of the National Astronomical Observatories of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, together with the Yangwang-1 and Jilin-1 satellites, a space-based and ground-based collaborative monitoring experiment for near-Earth asteroids was designed and carried out. By using image processing and orbit determination methods, target detection and astronomical positioning of observation images were realized, and the orbit of near-Earth asteroids was precisely determined.Based on the analysis, the existing equipment can realize space-ground collaborative monitoring and orbit cataloging of near-Earth asteroids, and provide orbital data support for the study and estimating of impact risk of near-Earth asteroids.