Abstract: Lunar energies are the essential foundation and prerequisite for construction and operation of lunar scientific research stations. This work analyzes the energy features and requirements the lunar research station, including high power and diversified energy, high- reliability and uninterrupted day-night energy, and energy adaptability towards the lunar environment. The application advantages, limiting conditions, and development suggestions of lunar energy technologies (solar photovoltaic + energy storage batteries, solar thermal utilization, lunar nuclear energy, and renewable fuel cells) in lunar research stations are summarized and emphasized. Based on the analyses and comparisons of the energy techonologies, we propose new energy system architectures for lunar scientific research stations to provide reference for the future energy design and development of the lunar research station.