Abstract: To deal with the risk of high-risk near-Earth asteroid impacts on Earth, in this article, a detailed mission analysis of impact defense was conducted. Based on this, an “observation + impact + evaluation” asteroid impact defense mission plan was proposed, which solves the problem of existing plans relying on ground-based observation and being difficult to accurately evaluate. Kinetic energy impact and comprehensive and accurate efficiency evaluation can be achieved through a single mission. This paper can provide reference for asteroid exploration missions