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郑惠欣, 彭玉明, 王伟, 谢攀, 陆希, 李海洋, 陈晓. 深空高速撞击的变系数末制导律设计方法[J]. 深空探测学报(中英文), 2021, 8(5): 511-518. DOI: 10.15982/j.issn.2096-9287.2021.20200095
引用本文: 郑惠欣, 彭玉明, 王伟, 谢攀, 陆希, 李海洋, 陈晓. 深空高速撞击的变系数末制导律设计方法[J]. 深空探测学报(中英文), 2021, 8(5): 511-518. DOI: 10.15982/j.issn.2096-9287.2021.20200095
ZHENG Huixin, PENG Yuming, WANG Wei, XIE Pan, LU Xi, LI Haiyang, CHEN Xiao. Variable Coefficient Terminal-Phase Guidance Design for Deep Space High-Speed Impact[J]. Journal of Deep Space Exploration, 2021, 8(5): 511-518. DOI: 10.15982/j.issn.2096-9287.2021.20200095
Citation: ZHENG Huixin, PENG Yuming, WANG Wei, XIE Pan, LU Xi, LI Haiyang, CHEN Xiao. Variable Coefficient Terminal-Phase Guidance Design for Deep Space High-Speed Impact[J]. Journal of Deep Space Exploration, 2021, 8(5): 511-518. DOI: 10.15982/j.issn.2096-9287.2021.20200095

深空高速撞击的变系数末制导律设计方法

Variable Coefficient Terminal-Phase Guidance Design for Deep Space High-Speed Impact

  • 摘要: 具有潜在撞击地球危险的近地小行星将对人类生存构成重大威胁,通过直接撞击的方式改变危险小行星的轨道是一种可行且有效的方法。以对地球威胁程度较大的近地小行星Bennu为预设对象,进行深空高速撞击末制导律设计。针对高速撞击任务相对速度大、撞击精度要求高、燃料有限的特点,考虑目标的运动加速度,基于增广比例制导律推导加速度指令:综合考虑机动时刻与燃料消耗、撞击精度的关系,将原常值比例系数设计为相对距离的归一化幂函数,在满足制导精度要求的前提下使机动时间更少、更靠前,节省燃料消耗;同时设计点火策略,将连续指令转化为脉冲发动机指令,无需预先给定机动时刻,且脉冲指令可直接应用于深空探测器。仿真结果表明,撞击器在本文算法的加速度指令下能在初始距目标9.36 \times 10^5\;\rmkm 、较大相对速度 10.2\;\textkm/s 场景下准确撞击目标,且相比定系数算法,本文的变系数算法在所需的点火次数、机动速度增量及燃料消耗方面性能更优,更具有效性与实用性。

     

    Abstract: Asteroid impact poses a major threat to human survival. High-speed direct impact is a feasible and effective means to change the orbit of an asteroid. This paper takes Bennu, a potentially hazardous asteroid, as an object to design the terminal guidance law of deep space high-speed impact. In view of the characteristics of high relative speed and high impact accuracy, the acceleration command is derived based on the Augmented Proportional Navigation Guidance law (APNG), considering the acceleration of the target. Moreover, the proportional coefficient is designed as a function of the relative distance to meet both the requirements of minimum fuel consumption and maximum impact accuracy. An ignition strategy is designed to convert the continuous command into impulse command, without the need to give maneuvering time in advance. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. The miss distance constraint is satisfied, and the ignition times and fuel consumption are less than those of the constant proportional coefficient algorithm.

     

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