Abstract: The concept of gravitational waves is first introduced, describing the causes of gravitational waves. Typical science missions of ground and space gravitational wave detections are summarized, elaborating their major differences. Then the key technologies for space science gravitational wave detection are investigated, and its future development trends are analyzed. Finally, it is pointed out that the implementation of the gravitational wave detection task will also play an active role in the fields of inertial navigation, earth science, high-precision satellite platform construction and other applications, and it is of great significance to improve the technical level of space science and deep space exploration in China.