小行星探测科学目标进展与展望

Overview of Scientific Objectives for Minor Planets Exploration

摘要: 由于较好地保留了太阳系早期形成和演化历史的遗迹，小行星，尤其是近地小行星，已成为国际深空探测领域的研究热点。介绍了小行星的定义、分类和主要探测方式，指出目前小行星探测已进入空间探测的新时代；总结了国际小行星探测的现状，包括已实施和正在实施的小行星探测任务的科学目标、科学载荷配置，以及获取的主要科学数据等；探讨了未来小行星探测的发展趋势和主要科学问题，并对我国未来自主小行星探测任务科学目标的制定进行了展望。

Abstract: The definition and classification of minor planets are introduced and the main exploration methods of minor planets are presented. The status of current international minor planets exploration is summarized, including the exploration missions which have been implemented and planned to implement,their scientific objectives,scientific payloads,and the main scientific data obtained. Finally, the future development trend of minor planets exploration is discussed and the scientific objectives of China's future autonomous minor planets exploration is prospected.