VLBI技术研究进展及在中国探月工程的应用

Research Progress of VLBI Technology and Application to China Lunar Exploration Project

摘要: 我国探月工程将具有测距、测速能力的统一S波段（United S-Band，USB）测控系统和具有高精度测角能力的甚长基线干涉（Very Long Base Interferometry，VLBI）技术系统地结合起来，承担对月球探测器测轨和定轨任务。简要回顾了VLBI技术的发展，重点介绍了VLBI技术在我国探月工程的应用，总结在工程应用中的关键技术，分析了VLBI在探测任务中的重要作用。VLBI测轨分系统圆满完成了“嫦娥1号”“嫦娥2号”“嫦娥3号”“嫦娥4号”探测器以及“嫦娥5号”试验飞行器的测定轨和定位任务，也为后续的月球及行星探测奠定了坚实的基础。

Abstract: The Unified S-Band (USB) measurement and control system with ranging and velocity measurement capabilities and the VLBI system with high precision angle measurement capabilities are jointly used to undertake the orbit determination for the missions. The measurement accuracy is increasing constantly. The orbit determination for Chang'E-1、Chang'E-2、Chang'E-3、Chang'E-4 and Chang'E-5 test spacecraft missions have been completed successfully. It has made important contributions to CLEP and laid a solid foundation for the subsequent exploration of the Moon and planets.