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月壤氦–3受热释放微观机理分析

Study on Microscopic Mechanism for Thermal Release Behavior of Helium-3 in Lunar Regolith

  • 摘要: 针对现有钛铁矿直接暴露于真空的开放体系模型难以表征表面无序层对氦–3跨界面迁移阻滞作用的问题,构建晶态钛铁矿核–非晶TiO2包覆层嵌套模型,采用分子动力学方法研究300~2 300 K氦–3的跨层迁移和扩散行为。结果表明,在1 ns固定观测窗口内,氦–3累计迁出比例随温度升高显著增加,2 300 K时达到8.92%;非晶TiO2中的有效扩散系数总体呈热激活增长趋势。由于本模型未显式设置真空自由表面,累计迁出比例表征原子尺度跨层迁移能力,而非工程尺度的提取率。研究表明,非晶TiO2包覆层的无序致密结构会增加氦–3的扩散阻力,并与外部逸散驱动力缺失共同抑制其迁出,可为后续构建含真空边界的多尺度释放模型及筛选热处理条件提供微观依据。

     

    Abstract: The problem that the retarding effect of the disordered surface layer on helium-3 cross-interface migration is difficult to characterize in an open system where He-3-bearing ilmenite in lunar regolith is directly exposed to vacuum. In this paper, a nested model consisting of a crystalline ilmenite core and an amorphous TiO2 coating was constructed, and molecular dynamics simulations were performed over 300–2300 K to examine the cross-layer migration and diffusion of helium-3. Within a fixed 1 ns observation window, the cumulative outward-migration fraction increased markedly with temperature and reached 8.92% at 2300 K; the effective diffusion coefficient of helium-3 in amorphous TiO2 also exhibited a thermally activated increase. Because no vacuum free surface was explicitly included, the reported cumulative fraction represents atomic-scale migration across the coating rather than engineering-scale extraction efficiency. The results indicate that the dense disordered amorphous TiO2 layer increases diffusion resistance and, together with the absence of an external escape driving force, suppresses helium-3 migration. hese findings provide a microscopic basis for the subsequent construction of multiscale release models incorporating vacuum boundaries and for the screening of heat treatment conditions.

     

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