Abstract: With the development of lunar exploration technology and continuous advancement of lunar exploration program, it has become a consensus among major space powers or organizations to build a lunar research station in future. First, common issues facing in the research and application of key equipment required for the construction and operation of the lunar research station were expounded. Then main categories, basic functions, and compositional characteristics of key lunar equipment were discussed and elaborated, in conjunction with the urgency of related equipment needs, technical feasibility and technological maturity. Furthermore, the issues faced by these devices working in synergy were addressed and countermeasures were proposed, providing a reference for the research, development, and application of related equipment.