Abstract: With the development of lunar exploration technology and continuous advancement of lunar exploration program, it has become a consensus among major space powers or organizations to build a lunar research station in future. To smoothly implement the construction and operation of the lunar research station, support long-term in-depth exploration of the moon, resource development and in-situ utilization, and further achieve manned lunar mission and medium-to short-term residency of personnel on the lunar surface, it is first necessary to make corresponding planning for the research and development of lunar equipment. This article first expounds on the common issues faced in the research and application of key equipment required for the construction and operation of the lunar research station. It then discusses and elaborates on the main categories, basic functions, and compositional characteristics of key lunar equipment, in conjunction with the urgency of related equipment needs, technical feasibility and technological maturity. Furthermore, it addresses the issues faced by these devices working in synergy and proposes countermeasures, providing a reference for the research, development, and application of related equipment.