Abstract: This paper proposes an efficient method of image overlapping relationship analysis based on the spatial index of KD tree fast search for disordered and large-scale asteroid images. In this study, the image data from asteroid exploration missions such as Bennu, Vesta, and Ryugu are used for experiments, and the proposed image match pairs determination algorithm is comprehensively compared with the corresponding modules of USGS ISIS in order to evaluate its performance in terms of efficiency and accuracy. The results show that when processing more than a thousand images, the proposed method greatly improves the efficiency of acquiring image match pairs while ensuring the correctness of the image overlapping relationships and the accuracy of bundle adjustment. At the same time, according to the obtained image match pairs, images that meet the requirements of Stereo Photoclinometry can be quickly selected, effectively improving the quality of 3D reconstruction models of asteroid images.