Abstract: Based on the research of the lunar exploration mission plans of the world’s major space-faring countries, four major trends of lunar exploration were summarized. With the aim of achieving long-term and sustainable development of lunar exploration in the future, suggestions were put forward for conducting key technology research and development in aspects such as enhancing the ability to reach the moon, achieving stable and all-day supply of energy at lunar surface, establishing a high-speed information network, enhancing the operational capabilities of intelligent equipment, and realizing large-scale exploitation and utilization of lunar resources. These suggestions can provide references for the subsequent planning of lunar exploration missions.